View of The origin of trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) and its role in development of atherosclerosis Journal of Food Bioactives TMAO biosynthesis. L carnitine and choline are derived from the diet Download Scientific Diagram Trimethylamine N Oxide From Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Focus on Diet Journal of Renal Nutrition Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link