Metabolism: Master the Carnitine Shuttle and Stop Exam Stress! Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs) love to burn energy, but they face a major obstacle: they cannot enter the mitochondrial matrix where Beta Oxidation Comprehensive review of the expanding roles of the carnitine pool in metabolic physiology: beyond fatty acid oxidation Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link Short Note On Carnitine Shuttle: Fatty acids are oxidized in mitochondria, and synthesized in the cytoplasm. Long chain fatty acids must form an active intermediate, fatty acyl CoA, before being oxidized inside mitochondria. Catherine The Role of l Carnitine in Mitochondria, Prevention of Metabolic Inflexibility and Disease Initiation Function of carnitine in the transport of mitochondrial long chain Download Scientific Diagram